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Recently, there have been original attempts to use the concept of "codesimilarity" in program repair, suggesting that similarity analysis has animportant role in the repair process. However, there is no dedicated work tocharacterize and quantify the role of similarity in redundancy-based programrepair, where the patch is composed from source code taken from somewhere else.This is where our paper makes a major contribution: we perform a deep andsystematic analysis of the role of code similarity during the exploration ofthe repair search space. We define and set up a large-scale experiment based onfour code similarity metrics that capture different similarities: character,token, semantic and structure similarity. Overall, we have computed 56 millionsimilarity score over 15 million source code components. We show that withsimilarity analysis, at least 90% of search space can be ignored to find thecorrect patch. Code similarity is capable of ranking the correct repairingredient first in 4 - 33 % of the considered cases.

The Remarkable Role of Similarity in Redundancy-based Program Repair