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A smart home connects tens of home devices to the Internet, where an IoTcloud runs various home automation applications. While bringing unprecedentedconvenience and accessibility, it also introduces various security hazards tousers. Prior research studied smart home security from several aspects.However, we found that the complexity of the interactions among theparticipating entities (i.e., devices, IoT clouds, and mobile apps) has not yetbeen systematically investigated. In this work, we conducted an in-depthanalysis of five widely-used smart home platforms. Combining firmware analysis,network traffic interception, and blackbox testing, we reverse-engineered thedetails of the interactions among the participating entities. Based on thedetails, we inferred three legitimate state transition diagrams for the threeentities, respectively. Using these state machines as a reference model, weidentified a set of unexpected state transitions. To confirm and trigger theunexpected state transitions, we implemented a set of phantom devices to mimica real device. By instructing the phantom devices to intervene in the normalentity-entity interactions, we have discovered several new vulnerabilities anda spectrum of attacks against real-world smart home platforms.

Discovering and Understanding the Security Hazards in the Interactions between IoT Devices, Mobile Apps, and Clouds on Smart Home Platforms