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A sensitive high resolution sub-Doppler detecting spectrometer, based onnoise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectrometry(NICE-OHMS), for trace gas detection of species whose transitions have severespectral overlap with abundant concomitant species is presented. It is designedaround a NICE-OHMS instrumentation utilizing balanced detection that providesshot-noise limited Doppler-broadened detection. By synchronous dithering thepositions of the two cavity mirrors, the effect of residual etalons between thecavity and other surface in the system could be reduced. An Allan deviation ofthe absorption coefficient of coefficient of $2.2 \times 10^{-13}$$\text{cm}^{-1}$ at 60 s, which, for the targeted transition in$\text{C}_{2}\text{H}_{2}$, corresponds to a $3\sigma$ detection sensitivity of130 ppt, is demonstrated. It is shown that despite significant spectralinterference from $\text{CO}_{2}$ at the targeted transition, which precludesDb detection of $\text{C}_{2}\text{H}_{2}$, acetylene could be detected inexhaled breath of healthy smokers.

High resolution ultra-sensitive trace gas detection by use of  cavity-position-modulated sub-Doppler NICE-OHMS - Application to detection of  acetylene in human breath