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Depth-averaged shallow water models are widely used for the large-scalesimulation of tidal turbine arrays. The relatively low computational complexityof this approach allows for layout optimisations aimed at improving the totalarray power output as well as an assessment of large-scale environmentalimpacts. In order to assess the suitability of using depth-averaged models tooptimise array configurations, a comprehensive comparison between the wakeprofiles and power outputs predicted by a 2D shallow water model and a 3Dactuator disc momentum (ADM) model is presented. Initially, a viscositysensitivity analysis is presented to outline the limitations associated withusing a constant eddy viscosity in the depth-averaged model and to outline theimportance of correctly calibrating this value in line with the freestreamvelocity magnitude. Thereafter, the depth-averaged OpenTidalFarm (OTF) tool isused to optimise the positions of an array of 32 turbines in an ideal channeland the 3D Fluidity ADM-RANS model is used to assess the accuracy of the OTFpredictions for the first time. It is shown that with the help of correctedpower calculations a good agreement between the two models can be achieved,thus demonstrating the value of the eddy viscosity calibration implemented inthe depth-averaged model.

An investigation into the accuracy of the depth-averaging used in tidal turbine array optimisation