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Superionic hydrogen was previously thought to be an exotic state predictedand confirmed only in pure H2O ice. In Earth's deep interior, H2O exists in theform of O-H groups in ultra-dense hydrous minerals, which have been proved tobe stable even at the conditions of the core-mantle boundary (CMB). However,the superionic states of these hydrous minerals at high P-T have not beeninvestigated. Using first-principles calculations, we found that pyritestructured FeO2Hx (0 <= x <= 1) and d-AlOOH, which have been proposed to bemajor hydrogen-bearing phases in the deep lower mantle (DLM), containsuperionic hydrogen at high P-T conditions. Our observations indicate auniversal pathway of the hydroxyl O-H at low pressure transforming tosymmetrical O-H-O bonding at high-P low-T, and a superionic state at high-Phigh-T. The superionicity of hydrous minerals has a major impact on theelectrical conductivity and hydrogen transportation behaviors of Earth's lowermantle as well as the CMB.

Superionic hydrogen in Earth's deep interior