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Water is a ubiquitous liquid with unique physico-chemical properties, whosenature has shaped our planet and life as we know it. Water in restrictedgeometries has different properties than in bulk. Confinement can preventlow-temperature crystallization into a hexagonal structure, thus creating astate of amorphous water. In this work we introduce a family of syntheticlipids with designed cyclopropyl modification in the hydrophobic chains thatexhibit unique liquid-crystalline behaviour at low temperature, enablingmaintenance of amorphous water down to 10 K due to nanoconfinement in abio-mimetic milieu. Small and Wide Angle X-ray Scattering, Elastic andInelastic Neutron Scattering, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy andDifferential Scanning Calorimetry, complemented by Molecular DynamicsSimulations, unveil a complex lipid/water phase diagram, in which bicontinuouscubic and lamellar liquid crystalline phases containing sub-zero liquid,glassy, or ice water emerge as a competition between the two components, eachpushing towards its thermodynamically favoured state.

Beyond freezing: amorphous water in biomimetic soft nanoconfinement