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Using Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire approach, we predict the intrinsicinstability of the ferroelectric-ferroelastic domain walls in the multiferroicBiFeO3 emerging from the interplay between the gradient terms of theantiferrodistortive and ferroelectric order parameters at the walls. Theseinstabilities are the interface analogue of the structural instabilities in thevicinity of phase coexistence in the bulk; and so they do not steam fromincomplete polarization screening in thin films or its spatial confinement,electrostrictive or flexoelectric coupling. The effect of BiFeO3 materialparameters on the 71 degree, 109 degree, and 180 degree walls is explored, andit is shown that the meandering instability appears at 109 degree, and 180degree walls for small gradient energies, and the walls become straight andbroaden for higher gradients. In contrast to the 180 degree and 109 degreedomain walls, uncharged 71 degree walls are always straight, and their widthincreases with increasing the tilt gradient coefficient. The wall instabilityand associated intrinsic meandering provide a new insight into the behavior ofmorphotropic and relaxor materials, wall pinning, and mechanisms ofinteractions between order parameter fields and local microstructure.

Intrinsic structural instabilities of domain walls driven by gradient couplings: meandering anferrodistortive-ferroelectric domain walls in BiFeO3