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In this study, we investigated the effects of specific low frequencyelectromagnetic fields sequences on U937 cells, an in vitro model of humanmonocyte/macrophage differentiation. U937 cells were exposed to electromagneticstimulation by means of the SyntheXer system using two similar sequences,XR-BC31 and XR-BC31/F. Each sequence was a time series of twenty-nine wavesegments. Here, we report that exposure (4 days, once a day) of U937 cells tothe XR-BC31 setting, but not to the XR-BC31/F, resulted in increased expressionof the histone demethylase KDM6B along with a global reduction in histone H3lysine 27 (H3K27) tri-methylation. Furthermore, exposure to the XR-BC31sequence induced differentiation of U937 cells towards a macrophage-likephenotype displaying a KDM6B dependent increase in expression and secretion ofthe anti-inflammatory interleukins (ILs), IL-10 and IL-4. Importantly, all theobserved changes were highly dependent on the sequence's nature. Our resultsopen a new way of interpretation for the effects of low frequencyelectromagnetic fields observed in vivo. Indeed, it is conceivable that aspecific low frequency electromagnetic fields treatment may cause changes inchromatin accessibility and consequently in the expression of anti-inflammatorymediators and in cell differentiation.

Specific low frequency electromagnetic fields induce epigenetic and functional changes in U937 cells