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PASIPHAE (the Polar-Areas Stellar Imaging in Polarization High-AccuracyExperiment) is an optopolarimetric survey aiming to measure the linearpolarization from millions of stars, and use these to create athree-dimensional tomographic map of the magnetic field threading dust cloudswithin the Milky Way. This map will provide invaluable information for futureCMB B-mode experiments searching for inflationary gravitational waves,providing unique information regarding line-of-sight integration effects.Optical polarization observations of a large number of stars at knowndistances, tracing the same dust that emits polarized microwaves, can map themagnetic field between them. The Gaia mission is measuring distances to abillion stars, providing an opportunity to produce a tomographic map ofGalactic magnetic field directions, using optical polarization of starlight.Such a map will not only boost CMB polarization foreground removal, but it willalso have a profound impact in a wide range of astrophysical research,including interstellar medium physics, high-energy astrophysics, and evolutionof the Galaxy. Taking advantage of the novel technology implemented in ourhigh-accuracy Wide-Area Linear Optical Polarimeters (WALOPs) currently underconstruction at IUCAA, India, we will engage in a large-scale optopolarimetricprogram that can meet this challenge: a survey of both northern and southernGalactic polar regions targeted by CMB experiments, covering over 10,000 squaredegrees, which will measure linear optical polarization of over 360 stars persquare degree (over 3.5 million stars, a 1000-fold increase over the state ofthe art). The survey will be conducted concurrently from the South AfricanAstronomical Observatory in Sutherland, South Africa in the southernhemisphere, and the Skinakas Observatory in Crete, Greece, in the north.

PASIPHAE: A high-Galactic-latitude, high-accuracy optopolarimetric survey