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In this paper, robustness of non-contiguous orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing (NC-OFDM) transmissions is investigated and contrasted to OFDMtransmissions for fending off signal exploitation attacks. In contrast to ODFMtransmissions, NC-OFDM transmissions take place over a subset of activesubcarriers to either avoid incumbent transmissions or for strategicconsiderations. A point-to-point communication system is considered in thispaper in the presence of an adversary (exploiter) that aims to infertransmission parameters (e.g., the subset of active subcarriers and duration ofthe signal) using a deep neural network (DNN). This method has been proposedsince the existing methods for exploitation, which are based on cyclostationaryanalysis, have been shown to have limited success in NC-OFDM systems. A goodestimation of the transmission parameters allows the adversary to transmitspurious data and attack the legitimate receiver. Simulation results show thatthe DNN can infer the transmit parameters of OFDM signals with very goodaccuracy. However, NC-OFDM with fully random selection of active subcarriersmakes it difficult for the adversary to exploit the waveform and thus for thereceiver to be affected by the spurious data. Moreover, the more structured theset of active subcarriers selected by the transmitter is, the easier it is forthe adversary to infer the transmission parameters and attack the receiverusing a DNN.

How Secure are Multicarrier Communication Systems Against Signal Exploitation Attacks?