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Energy storage systems (EES) are expected to be an indispensable resource formitigating the effects on networks of high penetrations of distributedgeneration in the near future. This paper analyzes the benefits of EES inunbalanced low voltage (LV) networks regarding three aspects, namely, powerlosses, the hosting capacity and network unbalance. For doing so, a mixedinteger quadratic programmming model (MIQP) is developed to minimize annualenergy losses and determine the sizing and placement of ESS, while satisfyingvoltage constraints. A real unbalanced LV UK grid is adopted to examine theeffects of ESS under two scenarios: the installation of one community ESS(CESS) and multiple distributed ESSs (DESSs). The results illustrate that bothscenarios present high performance in accomplishing the above tasks, whileDESSs, with the same aggregated size, are slightly better. This margin isexpected to be amplified as the aggregated size of DESSs increases.

Impacts of Community and Distributed Energy Storage Systems on Unbalanced Low Voltage Networks