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Scaling laws of ion acceleration in ultrathin foils driven by radiationpressure of intense laser pulses are investigated by theoretical analysis andtwo-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. Considering the instabilities areinevitable during laser plasma interaction, the maximum energy of ions shouldhave two contributions: the bulk acceleration driven by radiation pressure andthe sheath acceleration in the moving foil reference induced by hot electrons.A theoretical model is proposed to quantitatively explain the results that thecutoff energy and energy spread are larger than the predictions of "light sail"model, observed in simulations and experiments for a large range of laser andtarget parameters. Scaling laws derived from this model and supported by thesimulation results are verified by the previous experiments.

Scaling Laws of Ion Acceleration in Ultrathin Foils Driven by Laser Radiation Pressure