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The P versus NP problem is studied under the relational model of E. F. Codd.I found that the term "complete configuration" is unnecessary and harmful incomputational complexity theory because of excessive symbol redundancy. For aninput, its valid sequences of complete configurations are normalized into arelational model of shared trichoices with no redundancy. To simplify theproblem, a polynomial time nondeterministic Turing machine is polynomiallyreduced to a periodic machine, which only reverses its tape head displacementat the tape ends. By enumerating all the O(p(n)) shared trichoices, apolynomial time p(n) periodic machine is simulated in time O((p(n))^4) underlogarithmic cost. A simple elementary proof of P=NP is obtained.

A Simple Elementary Proof of P=NP based on the Relational Model of E. F. Codd