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Future cellular networks are expected to support new communication paradigmssuch as machine-type communication (MTC) services along with conventionalhuman-type communication (HTC) services. This requires base stations to serve alarge number of devices in relatively short channel coherence intervals, whichrenders allocation of orthogonal pilot sequences per-device in each cellimpractical. Furthermore, the stringent power constraints, place-and-play typeconnectivity and various data rate requirements of MTC devices make itimpossible for the traditional cellular architecture to accommodate MTC and HTCservices together. Massive multiple-input-multiple-output (mMIMO) technologyhas the potential to allow the coexistence of HTC and MTC services, thanks toits inherent spatial multiplexing properties and low transmission powerrequirements. In this work, we first tackle the optimal non-orthogonal pilotdesign problem and demonstrate that the optimal pilot sequences are Welch boundequality sequences. In the second part, we investigate the performance of asingle cell under a shared physical channel assumption for MTC and HTC servicesand propose a novel scheme for sharing the time-frequency resources. Theanalysis reveals that mMIMO can significantly enhance the performance of such asetup and allow the inclusion of MTC services into the cellular networkswithout requiring additional resources.

Humans and Machines can be Jointly Spatially Multiplexed by Massive MIMO