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In this paper, we study the cell planning problem for a two-tier cellularnetwork containing two types of base stations (BSs)-- i.e. with fiber backhaul,referred to as wired BSs (W-BSs), and BSs with wireless backhaul, referred toas unwired-BSs (U-BSs). In-band full-duplex wireless communications is used toconnect U-BSs and W-BSs. We propose an algorithm to determine the minimumnumber of W-BSs and U-BSs to satisfy given cell and capacity coverageconstraints. Furthermore, we apply our proposed non-dominated sorting geneticalgorithm II (NSGA-II) to solve both cell planning and joint cell and backhaulplanning problem to minimize the cost of planning, while maximizing thecoverage simultaneously. Additionally, the considered cell planning program isdeveloped into an optimization by including the problem of minimizing the costof fiber backhaul deployment. In order to analyze the performance of theproposed algorithm, we study three different deployment scenarios based ondifferent spatial distributions of users and coverage areas. The results showthe superiority of our proposed NSGA-II algorithm for both cell planning andjoint cell and backhaul planning to other well-known optimization algorithms.The results also reveal that there is a trade-off between cell deployment costsand SINR/rate coverage, and W-BSs are placed in congested areas to consume lessresources for wireless backhauls. Similarly, a trade-off between cell and fiberdeployment costs and SINR/rate coverage is observed in planning. We show thatfor realistic scenarios desirable solutions can be selected from the Paretofront of the introduced multi-objective problem based on given cellularoperator policies.

Ultra-Dense 5G Small Cell Deployment for Fiber and Wireless Backhaul-Aware Infrastructures