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National bias in sports judging is a well-known issue and has been observedin several sports: judges, in the aggregate, give higher marks to athletes ofthe same nationality. In this work, we study the national bias of internationalgymnastics judges during the 2013-2016 Olympic cycle. As opposed to prior work,our analysis leverages the intrinsic variance of the judging error based on theperformance level of the gymnasts for each apparatus and discipline. Themagnitude of the national bias varies across judges, nations and disciplines.While acrobatics and trampoline do not exhibit any bias, we observeconsiderable bias by aerobics, artistics and rhythmics judges. In aerobic andartistic gymnastics this bias further increases for the best athletes competingin the finals. On the positive side, we show that judges are unbiased againstdirect competitors of their own gymnasts. Our approach could easily be appliedto other sports that incorporate a judging panel and objective judgingguidelines. It could help sports federations and the public at large understandthe extent of national bias and identify particularly prone judges or nations.

National Bias of International Gymnastics Judges during the 2013-2016 Olympic Cycle