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We developed and applied rapid scanning laser-emission microscopy to detectabnormal changes in cell nuclei for early diagnosis of cancer and cancerprecursors. Regulation of chromatins is essential for genetic development andnormal cell functions, while abnormal nuclear changes may lead to manydiseases, in particular, cancer. The capability to detect abnormal changes inapparently normal tissues at a stage earlier than tumor development is criticalfor cancer prevention. Here we report using LEM to analyze colonic tissues frommice at-risk for colon cancer by detecting prepolyp nuclear abnormality. Byimaging the lasing emissions from chromatins, we discovered that, despite theabsence of observable lesions, polyps, or tumors under stereoscope, high-fatmice exhibited significantly lower lasing thresholds than low-fat mice. The lowlasing threshold is, in fact, very similar to that of adenomas and is caused byabnormal cell proliferation and chromatin deregulation that can potentiallylead to cancer. Our findings suggest that conventional methods, such ascolonoscopy, may be insufficient to reveal hidden or early tumors underdevelopment. We envision that this work will provide new insights into LEM forearly tumor detection in clinical diagnosis and fundamental biological andbiomedical research of chromatin changes at the biomolecular level of cancerdevelopment.

Chromatin Laser Imaging Reveals Abnormal Nuclear Changes for Early Cancer Detection