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In this paper, we focus on the problems of traffic engineering, failurerecovery, fault prevention, and Service Function Chain (SFC) with reliabilityand energy consumption constraints in Software Defined Networks (SDN). Thesetypes of deployments use Fog computing as an emerging paradigm to manage thedistributed small-size traffic flows passing through the SDN-enabled switches(possibly Fog Nodes). The main aim of this integration is to support servicedelivery in real-time, failure recovery, and fault-awareness in an SFC context.Firstly, we present an architecture for Failure Recovery and Fault Preventioncalled FRFP; this is a multi-tier structure in which the real-time trafficflows pass through SDN-enabled switches to jointly decrease the networkside-effects of flow rerouting and energy consumption of the Fog Nodes. We thenmathematically formulate an optimization problem called the OptimalFog-Supported Energy-Aware SFC rerouting algorithm (OFES) and propose anear-optimal heuristic called Heuristic OFES (HFES) to solve the correspondingproblem in polynomial time. In this way, the energy consumption and thereliability of the selected paths are optimized, while the Quality of Serviceconstraints are met and the network congestion is minimized. In a reliabilitycontext, the focus of this work is on fault prevention; however, since we use areallocation technique, the proposed scheme can be used as a failure recoveryscheme. We compare the performance of HFES and OFES in terms of powerconsumption, average path length, fault probability, network side-effects, linkutilization, and Fog Node utilization. Additionally, we analyze thecomputational complexity of HFES. We use a real-world network topology toevaluate our algorithm. The simulation results show that the heuristicalgorithm is applicable to large-scale networks.

Joint Failure Recovery, Fault Prevention, and Energy-efficient Resource Management for Real-time SFC in Fog-supported SDN