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An efficient two-layer coding method using the histogram packing techniquewith the backward compatibility to the legacy JPEG is proposed in this paper.The JPEG XT, which is the international standard to compress HDR images, adoptstwo-layer coding scheme for backward compatibility to the legacy JPEG. However,this two-layer coding structure does not give better lossless performance thanthe other existing single-layer coding methods for HDR images. Moreover, theJPEG XT has problems on determination of the lossless coding parameters;Finding appropriate combination of the parameter values is necessary to achievegood lossless performance. The histogram sparseness of HDR images is discussedand it is pointed out that the histogram packing technique considering thesparseness is able to improve the performance of lossless compression for HDRimages and a novel two-layer coding with the histogram packing technique isproposed. The experimental results demonstrate that not only the proposedmethod has a better lossless compression performance than that of the JPEG XT,but also there is no need to determine image-dependent parameter values forgood compression performance in spite of having the backward compatibility tothe well known legacy JPEG standard.

Two-layer Lossless HDR Coding considering Histogram Sparseness with Backward Compatibility to JPEG