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The 5th generation mobile communication systems aim to support massive accessfor future wireless applications. Unfortunately, wireless resource scarcity inrandom access (RA) is a fundamental bottleneck for enabling massive access. Toaddress this problem, we propose a virtual carrier sensing (VCS) based RAscheme in massive MIMO systems. The essence of the proposed scheme lies inexploiting wireless spatial resources of uplink channels occupied by assigneduser equipments (UEs) to increase channel resources for RA. With the proposedscheme, RA UEs are able to exploit the spatial resources that are approximatelyorthogonal to those of assigned UEs, thus sharing the uplink channel resourcewith assigned UEs without causing significant interference to them.Specifically, to ensure RA UEs avoid serious interference with assigned UEs,base station (BS) sends tailored virtual carriers to RA UEs on behalf ofassigned UEs. RA UEs then conduct VCS to determine whether or not the uplinkchannel resource is available for RA. Closed-form approximations forprobability of channel availability and uplink achievable rate with theproposed scheme are derived. Theoretical analysis and simulation results showthat the proposed scheme is able to significantly increase channel resources ofRA for massive access.

Virtual Carrier Sensing Based Random Access in Massive MIMO Systems