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Millimeter wave (mmWave) signals are much more sensitive to blockage, whichresults in a significant increase of the outage probability, especially for theusers at the edge of the cells. In this paper, we exploit the technique of basestation (BS) cooperation to improve the performance of the cell-edge users inthe downlink transmission of mmWave cellular networks. We design twocooperative schemes, which are referred to as fixed-number BS cooperation (FNC)scheme and fixed-region BS cooperation (FRC) scheme, respectively. In FNCscheme, the cooperative BSs consist of the M nearest BSs around the servedcell-edge users, and in FRC scheme, the cooperative BSs include all the BSslocated within a given region. We derive the expressions for the average rateand outage probability of a typical cell-edge user located at the origin basedon the stochastic geometry framework. To reduce the computational complexity ofour analytical results for the outage probability, we further propose a Gammaapproximation based method to provide approximations with satisfying accuracy.Our analytical results incorporate the critical characteristics of mmWavechannels, i.e., the blockage effects, the different path loss of LOS and NLOSlinks and the highly directional antenna arrays. Simulation results show thatthe performance of the cell-edge users is greatly improved when mmWave networksare combined with the technique of BS cooperation.

Base Station Cooperation in Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks: Performance Enhancement of Cell-Edge Users