English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

Given the unprecedented effective area, the new ATHENA Silicon Pore Optics(SPO) focusing technology, the dynamic and variable L2 environment, where noX-ray mission has flown up to date, a dedicated Geant4 simulation campaign isneeded to evaluate the impact of low energy protons scattering on the ATHENAmirror surface and the induced residual background level on its X-raydetectors. The Geant4 mass model is built as part of the ESA AREMBES projectactivities using the BoGEMMS framework. An SPO mirror module row is the atomicunit of the mass model, allowing the simulation of the full structure by meansof 20 independent runs, one for each row. Thanks to the BoGEMMS configurationfiles, both single pores, mirror modules or the entire SPO row can be builtwith the same Geant4 geometry. Both Remizovich, in its elastic approximation,and Coulomb single scattering Geant4 models are used in the interaction ofmono-energetic proton beams with a single SPO pore. The scattering efficiencyfor the first model is almost twice the efficiency obtained with the latter butfor both cases we obtain similar polar and azimuthal angular distributions,with about 70-75% of scatterings generated by single or double reflections. Thesoft proton flux modelled for the plasma sheet region is used as input for thesimulation of soft proton funnelling by the full SPO mass model. A much weakersoft proton vignetting than the one observed by XMM-Newton EPIC detectors isgenerated by ATHENA mirrors. The residual soft proton flux reaching the focalplane, defined as a 15 cm radius, is 10^4 times lower than the input L2 softproton population entering the mirror, at the same energy, with ratescomparable or higher than the ones observed in XMM EPIC-pn most intense softproton flares.

The Geant4 mass model of the ATHENA Silicon Pore Optics and its effect on soft proton scattering