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The study of brain networks, including derived from functional neuroimagingdata, attracts broad interest and represents a rapidly growinginterdisciplinary field. Comparing networks of healthy volunteers with those ofpatients can potentially offer new, quantitative diagnostic methods, and aframework for better understanding brain and mind disorders. We explore restingstate fMRI data through network measures, and demonstrate that not only isthere a distinctive network architecture in the healthy brain that is disruptedin schizophrenia, but also that both networks respond to medication. Weconstruct networks representing 15 healthy individuals and 12 schizophreniapatients (males and females), all of whom are administered three drugtreatments: (i) a placebo; and two antipsychotic medications (ii) aripiprazoleand; (iii) sulpiride. We first reproduce the established finding that brainnetworks of schizophrenia patients exhibit increased efficiency and reducedclustering compared to controls. Our data then reveals that the antipsychoticmedications mitigate this effect, shifting the metrics towards those observedin healthy volunteers, with a marked difference in efficacy between the twodrugs. Additionally, we find that aripiprazole considerably alters the networkstatistics of healthy controls. Using a test of cognitive ability, we establishthat aripiprazole also adversely affects their performance. This providesevidence that changes to macroscopic brain network architecture result inmeasurable behavioural differences. This is the first time differentmedications have been assessed in this way. Our results lay the groundwork foran objective methodology with which to calculate and compare the efficacy ofdifferent treatments of mind and brain disorders.

Brain networks reveal the effects of antipsychotic drugs on schizophrenia patients and controls