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The scaling laws for laser wakefield acceleration in the nonlinear,self-guided regime [Lu et al. Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams 10, 061301(2007)] are examined in detail using the quasi-3D version of theparticle-in-cell code OSIRIS. We find that the scaling laws continue to workwell as the plasma density is reduced while the normalized laser amplitude iskept fixed. For fixed laser energy, the energy gain of an isolated bunch ofelectrons can be improved with some loss in the bunch charge by shortening thenormalized pulse length until self-guiding no longer occurs, and through theuse of asymmetric longitudinal profiles with rapid rise times. For example,without any external guiding a 15 J,.8\mu m laser with a pulse length of 46 fs(39 fs) is found to generate a quasi-mono-energetic bunch of 355pC (227pC) witha max energy of 3.25 (4.04) GeV with an acceleration distance of 2.43 cm(3.08cm). Furthermore, a bunch with 39.4pC and a maximum energy 4.6 GeV isproduced for an asymmetric laser with a rapid rise time. Studies for 30 J and100 J lasers are also presented.

Optimizing Laser Wakefield Acceleration in the Nonlinear Self-Guided Regime for Fixed Laser Energy