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In this paper, we developed a thermodynamically consistent approach toaccount for the Gibbs energy of pure metallic element with thermal vacancy overwide temperature range. Taking body centered cubic (bcc) W for a demonstration,the strong nonlinear increase for temperature dependence of heat capacities athigh temperatures and a nonlinear Arrhenius plots of vacancy concentration inbcc W can be nicely reproduced by the obtained Gibbs energy. The successfuldescription of thermal vacancy on abnormal thermodynamic behaviors in bcc Windicates that the presently proposed thermodynamically consistent approach isa universal one, and applicable to the other metals.

A thermodynamically consistent approach to describe the effect of  thermal vacancy on abnormal thermodynamic behaviors of pure metals:  application to body centered cubic W