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The mechanisms underlying how activity in the visual pathway may give risethrough neural plasticity to many of the features observed experimentally inthe early stages of visual processing was provided by Linkser in a seminal,three-paper series. Owing to the complexity of multi-layer models, an implicitassumption in Linsker's and subsequent papers has been that propagation delayis homogeneous and plays little functional role in neural behaviour. We relaxthis assumption to examine the impact of distance-dependent axonal propagationdelay on neural learning. We show that propagation delay induces low-passfiltering by dispersing the arrival times of spikes from presynaptic neurons,providing a natural correlation cancellation mechanism for distal connections.The cut-off frequency decreases as the radial propagation delay within a layerincreases relative to propagation delay between the layers, introducing anupper limit on temporal resolution. Given that the PSP also acts as a low-passfilter, we show that the effective time constant of each should enable theprocessing of similar scales of temporal information. This result hasimplications for the visual system, in which receptive field size and, thus,radial propagation delay, increases with eccentricity. Furthermore, the networkresponse is frequency dependent since higher frequencies require increasedinput amplitude to compensate for attenuation. This concords withfrequency-dependent contrast sensitivity in the visual system, which changeswith eccentricity and receptive field size. We further show that the proportionof inhibition relative to excitation is larger where radial propagation delayis long relative to inter-laminar propagation delay. We show that the additionof propagation delay reduces the range in the cell's on-center size, providingstability to variations in homeostatic parameters.

Impact of axonal delay on structure development in a multi-layered network