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Hybrid systems composed of the reduced graphene oxide-supported platinum andmultiwall carbon nanotubes-supported iridium (both noble metals utilized at lowloadings on the level of 15 and < 5 microg cm-2, respectively) have beenconsidered as catalytic materials for the reduction of oxygen in acid media(0.5 mol dm-3 H2SO4). The electrocatalytic activity toward reduction of oxygenand formation of hydrogen peroxide intermediate have been tested using rotatingring-disk electrode voltammetric experiments. The efficiency of the proposedcatalytic systems has also been addressed by performing galvanodynamicmeasurements with gas diffusion electrode half-cell at 80 {\deg}C. The role ofcarbon nanotubes is to improve charge distribution at the electrocatalyticinterface and facilitate the transport of oxygen and electrolyte in thecatalytic systems by lowering the extent of reduced graphene oxide restackingduring solvent evaporation. The diagnostic electrochemical experiments revealthat at iridium-containing systems not only higher disk currents, but also muchsmaller ring currents have been produced (compared to reduced grapheneoxide-supported platinum and its composite with bare carbon nanotubes), clearlyimplying formation of lower amounts of the undesirable hydrogen peroxideintermediate. The enhancement effect coming from the addition of traces ofiridium (supported onto carbon nanotubes) to Pt, utilized at low loading, mayoriginate from the high ability of Ir to induce decomposition of theundesirable hydrogen peroxide intermediate. There is a competition betweenactivation (due to the presence of small amounts of Ir) and dilution (by carbonnanotubes) of Pt active centers in hybrid systems, therefore special attentionis paid to the adjustment of their composition.

Low-Noble-Metal-Loading Hybrid Catalytic System for Oxygen Reduction  Utilizing Reduced-Graphene-Oxide-Supported-Platinum Aligned with  Carbon-Nanotube-Supported Iridium