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The role of synchronous firing in sensory coding and cognition remainscontroversial. While studies, focusing on its mechanistic consequences inattentional tasks, suggest that synchronization dynamically boosts sensoryprocessing, others failed to find significant synchronization levels in suchtasks. We attempt to understand both lines of evidence within a coherenttheoretical framework. We conceptualize synchronization as an independentcontrol parameter to study how the postsynaptic neuron transmits the averagefiring activity of a presynaptic population, in the presence ofsynchronization. We apply the Berger-Levy theory of energy efficientinformation transmission to interpret simulations of a Hodgkin-Huxley-typepostsynaptic neuron model, where we varied the firing rate and synchronizationlevel in the presynaptic population independently. We find that for a fixedpresynaptic firing rate the simulated postsynaptic interspike intervaldistribution depends on the synchronization level and is well-described by ageneralized extreme value distribution. For synchronization levels of 15% to50%, we find that the optimal distribution of presynaptic firing rate,maximizing the mutual information per unit cost, is maximized at ~30%synchronization level. These results suggest that the statistics and energyefficiency of neuronal communication channels, through which the input rate iscommunicated, can be dynamically adapted by the synchronization level.

Neuronal Synchronization Can Control the Energy Efficiency of Inter-Spike Interval Coding