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Photodetection is a process in which an incident field induces a polarizationcurrent in the detector. The interaction of the field with this induced currentexcites an electron in the detector from a localized bound state to a state inwhich the electron freely propagates and can be classically amplified anddetected. The induced current can interact not only with the applied field, butalso with all of the initially unpopulated vacuum modes. This interaction withthe vacuum modes is assumed to be small and is neglected in conventionalphotodetection theory. We show that this interaction contributes to the quantumefficiency of the detector. We also show that in the Purcell enhancementregime, shot noise in the photocurrent depends on the bandwidth of the thevacuum modes interacting with the detector. Our theory allows design ofsensitive detectors to probe the properties of the vacuum modes.

Influence of Vacuum modes on Photodetection