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This paper introduces a novel technique to estimate tissue displacement inquasi-static elastography. A major challenge in elastography is estimation ofdisplacement (also referred to time-delay estimation) between pre-compressedand post-compressed ultrasound data. Maximizing normalized cross correlation(NCC) of ultrasound radio-frequency (RF) data of the pre- and post-compressedimages is a popular technique for strain estimation due to its simplicity andcomputational efficiency. Several papers have been published to increase theaccuracy and quality of displacement estimation based on NCC. All of thesemethods use spatial windows to estimate NCC, wherein displacement magnitude isassumed to be constant within each window. In this work, we extend thisassumption along the temporal domain to exploit neighboring samples in bothspatial and temporal directions. This is important since traditional andultrafast ultrasound machines are, respectively, capable of imaging at morethan 30 frame per second (fps) and 1000 fps. We call our method spatialtemporal normalized cross correlation (STNCC) and show that it substantiallyoutperforms NCC using simulation, phantom and in-vivo experiments.

Spatio-temporal normalized cross-correlation for estimation of the displacement field in ultrasound elastography