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We report anomalous physical properties of single-crystalline FeSi over awide temperature range 1.8-400 K. X-ray diffraction, specific heat, andmagnetization measurements indicate that the FeSi crystals synthesized in thisstudy are of high quality with a very low concentration of magnetic impurities($\sim$0.01$\%$). The electrical resistivity $\rho$($T$) can be described byactivated behavior with an energy gap $\Delta$ = 57 meV between 67 K and 150 K.At temperatures below 67 K, $\rho$($T$) is significantly lower than anextrapolation of the activated behavior, and the Hall coefficient andmagneto-resistivity undergo a sign change in this region. At $\sim$19 K, atransition from semiconducting to metallic-like behavior is observed withdeceasing temperature. Whereas the transition temperature is very robust in amagnetic field, the magnitude of the resistivity below $\sim$30 K is verysensitive to magnetic field. There is no indication of a bulk phase transitionor onset of magnetic order in the vicinity of either 67 K or 19 K from specificheat and magnetic susceptibility measurements. These measurements provideevidence for a conducting surface state in FeSi at low temperatures.

Observation of transition from semiconducting to metallic ground state in high-quality single crystalline FeSi