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Metal anodes in high power source (HPS) devices erode during operation due tohydrogen outgassing and plasma formation, both of which are thermally drivenphenomena generated by the electron beam impacting the anode s surface. Thislimits the lowest achievable pressure in an HPS device, which reduces itsefficiency. Laser surface melting the 304 stainless steel anodes by acontinuous wave fiber laser showed a reduction in hydrogen outgassing by afactor of ~4 under 50 keV electron bombardment, compared to that from untreatedstainless steel. This is attributed to an increase in the grain size (from 40 -3516 micrometer2), which effectively reduces the number of characterized grainboundaries that serve as hydrogen trapping sites, making such laser treatedmetals excellent candidates for use in vacuum electronics.

Laser Stimulated Grain Growth in 304 Stainless Steel Anodes for Reduced Hydrogen Outgassing