English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The aim of the study was to examine how the complexity of surfaceelectromyogram (sEMG) signal, estimated by Higuchi fractal dimension (HFD) andSample Entropy (SampEn), change depending on muscle contraction intensity andexternal perturbation of the corticospinal activity during muscle contractioninduced by single-pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (spTMS). HFD andSampEn were computed from sEMG signal recorded at three various levels ofvoluntary contraction before and after spTMS. After spTMS, both HFD and SampEndecreased at medium compared to the mild contraction. SampEn increased, whileHFD did not change significantly at strong compared to medium contraction.spTMS significantly decreased both parameters at all contraction levels. Whensame parameters were computed from the mathematically generated sine-wavecalibration curves, the results show that SampEn has better accuracy at lower(0-40 Hz) and HFD at higher (60-120 Hz) frequencies. Changes in the sEMGcomplexity associated with increased muscle contraction intensity cannot beaccurately depicted by a single complexity measure. Examination of sEMG shouldentail both SampEn and HFD as they provide complementary information aboutdifferent frequency components of sEMG. Further studies are needed to explainthe implication of changes in nonlinear parameters and their relation tounderlying sEMG physiological processes.

The comparison of Higuchi fractal dimension and Sample Entropy analysis of sEMG: effects of muscle contraction intensity and TMS