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ZnO is co-doped with Na+ and Si4+ in the ratio 2:1. The ratio wasintentionally chosen so that net valence state of dopant theoretically matchesthat of host. This is to avoid dependence in the amount of oxygenvacancies/interstitials arising out of cationic valence state of the dopant.With such a combination, modifications in structural and optical properties donot depend on excess or deficit of the dopant charge state. For lower doping,Na+ ions behave as interstitial sites which enhance strain, lattice disorderand thereby creating defects. Formation of interstitial defects leads toreduction in bandgap energy and produce orange-red luminescence. For higherdoping, Na+ starts substituting at Zn2+ site which helps in reducing strain andlattice disorder and thereby increases bandgap. Inspite of presence of Si4+with higher charge, there is a gradual increase in oxygen vacancies due tolattice disorder.

Optical Property Study of Charge Compensated (Si, Na) Co-doped ZnO