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Our mysterious brain is believed to operate near a non-equilibrium point andgenerate critical self-organized avalanches in neuronal activity. Recentexperimental evidence has revealed significant heterogeneity in both synapticinput and output connectivity, but whether the structural heterogeneityparticipates in the regulation of neuronal avalanches remains poorlyunderstood. By computational modelling, we predict that different types ofstructural heterogeneity contribute distinct effects on avalancheneurodynamics. In particular, neuronal avalanches can be triggered at anintermediate level of input heterogeneity, but heterogeneous outputconnectivity cannot evoke avalanche dynamics. In the criticality region, theco-emergence of multi-scale cortical activities is observed, and both theavalanche dynamics and neuronal oscillations are modulated by the inputheterogeneity. Remarkably, we show similar results can be reproduced innetworks with various types of in- and out-degree distributions. Overall, thesefindings not only provide details on the underlying circuitry mechanisms ofnonrandom synaptic connectivity in the regulation of neuronal avalanches, butalso inspire testable hypotheses for future experimental studies.

Heterogeneity of Synaptic Input Connectivity Regulates Spike-based Neuronal Avalanches