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Topological insulators/semimetals and unconventional iron-basedsuperconductors have attracted major attentions in condensed matter physics inthe past 10 years. However, there is little overlap between these two fields,although the combination of topological states and superconducting states willproduce more exotic topologically superconducting states and Majorana boundstates (MBS), a promising candidate for realizing topological quantumcomputations. With the progress in laser-based spin-resolved and angle-resolvedphotoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) with very high energy- andmomentum-resolution, we directly resolved the topological insulator (TI) phaseand topological Dirac semimetal (TDS) phase near Fermi level ($E_F$) in theiron-based superconductor Li(Fe,Co)As. The TI and TDS phases can be separatelytuned to $E_F$ by Co doping, allowing a detailed study of differentsuperconducting topological states in the same material. Together with thetopological states in Fe(Te,Se), our study shows the ubiquitous coexistence ofsuperconductivity and multiple topological phases in iron-basedsuperconductors, and opens a new age for the study of high-Tc iron-basedsuperconductors and topological superconductivity.

Direct observation of multiple topological phases in the iron-based superconductor Li(Fe,Co)As