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Rheometric measurements on assemblies of wet polystyrene bead assemblies, insteady uniform quasistatic shear flow, for varying liquid content within thesmall saturation (pendular) range of isolated liquid bridges, are supplementedwith a systematic study by discrete numerical simulations. Numerical resultsand experimental ones agree quantitatively is the intergranular frictioncoefficient is set to 0.09, suitable for the dry material. Shear resistance andsolid fraction are recorded as functions of the reduced pressure p, comparingnormal stress to capillary bridge tensile strength. The Mohr-Coulomb relationwith p-independent cohesion c applies for p above 2. The assumption thatcontact force contributions to stress act as effective stresses predicts shearstrength quite well throughout the numerically investigated range ofparameters.. A generalized Mohr-Coulomb cohesion c is defined, which relates tothe dry material internal friction, coordination numbers and capillary forcenetwork anisotropy. The Rumpf formula approximation, ignoring capillary shearstress is correct for the larger saturation range within the pendular regime,but fails to describe its decrease for small liquid contents.

Shear strength of wet granular materials: macroscopic cohesion and effective stress