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Optimization of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) downlink with an energyharvesting transmitter (base station) is considered. The base station (BS),which is attached to the central controller of the network, sends controlinformation to the gateways of individual WSNs in the downlink. This paperspecifically addresses the case where the BS is supplied with solar energy.Leveraging the daily periodicity inherent in solar energy harvesting, theschedule for delivery of maintenance messages from the BS to the nodes of adistributed network is optimized. Differences in channel gain from the BS tosensor nodes make it a challenge to provide service to each of them whileefficiently spending the harvested energy. Based on PTF (Power-Time-Fair), aclose-to-optimal solution for fair allocation of harvested energy in a wirelessdownlink proposed in previous work, we develop an online algorithm, PTF-On,that operates two algorithms in tandem: A prediction algorithm based on aKalman filter that operates on solar irradiation measurements, and a modifiedversion of PTF. PTF-On can predict the energy arrival profile throughout theday and schedule transmission to nodes to maximize total throughput in aproportionally fair way.

Kalman Prediction Based Proportional Fair Resource Allocation for a Solar Powered Wireless Downlink