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In this paper we consider a heterogeneous network which consists of a macrobase station and some pico base stations utilizing massive MIMO and MIMOtechniques, respectively. A central software-defined mobile network (SDMN)controller is adopted in order to provide user association and energyscheduling. The users are considered battery limited and are capable ofsimultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) in order toharvest energy and address the energy shortage issue. These users harvestenergy from the received signals in the downlink and consume it via theiruplink communications. This paper deals with the downlink user association byjointly optimizing the overall sum-rate of the network and the harvested energyby introducing an appropriate utility function. In this regard, the optimumuser association and power splitting factor for each user are calculated viathe downlink optimization stage. Then, the process of uplink scheduling isdefined as choosing the best users in each time epoch to transfer data as wellas optimizing their transmit power by solving Lyapunov drift-plus-penaltyfunction. Simulation results are provided in order to confirm the optimality ofthe proposed algorithm in comparison with the previous user association anduplink scheduling approaches in terms of providing fairness and batterymanagement among users.

Downlink User Association and Uplink Scheduling for Energy Harvesting Users in Software-Defined Mobile Networks