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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an established imaging technology forin vivo skin investigation. Topical application of gold nanoshells (GNS)provides contrast enhancement in OCT by generating a strong hyperreflectivesignal from hair follicles and sweat glands, which are the natural skinopenings. This study explores the utility of 150 nm diameter GNS as contrastagent for OCT imaging. GNS was massaged into skin and examined in four skinareas of 11 healthy participants. A commercial OCT system and a prototype with3 micron resolution (UHR-OCT) were employed to detect potential benefits ofincreased resolution and variability in intensity generated from GNS. In bothOCT-systems GNS enhanced contrast from hair follicles and sweat ducts. Highestaverage penetration depth of GNS was in armpit 0.64 mm plus/minus 0.17, maximumpenetration depth was 1.20 mm in hair follicles and 15-40 microns in sweatducts. Pixel intensity generated from GNS in hair follicles was significantlyhigher in UHR-OCT images (p=0.002) and epidermal thickness significantly lower0.14 vs. 0.16 mm (p=0.027). Hence topical application of GNS increases OCTsignals from natural skin openings. GNS may also increase sensitivity in OCTdiagnosis of certain skin diseases, which is to be examined in future studies.

Two Optical Coherence Tomography Systems detect Topical Gold Nanoparticles in Hair follicles, Sweat Ducts and Measure Epidermis