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This work considers the problem of dynamic power allocation in the downlinkof multi-cell networks, where each cell utilizes non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)-based resource allocation. Also, coordinated multi-point (CoMP)transmission is utilized among multiple cells to serve users experiencingsevere inter-cell interference (ICI). More specifically, we consider a two-tierheterogeneous network (HetNet) consisting of a high-power macro cell underlaidwith multiple low-power small cells each of which uses the same resource block.Under this {\em CoMP-NOMA framework}, CoMP transmission is applied to a userexperiencing high channel gain with multiple base stations (BSs)/cells, whileNOMA is utilized to schedule CoMP and non-CoMP users over the same transmissionresources, i.e., time, spectrum and space. Different CoMP-NOMA models arediscussed, but focus is primarily on the joint transmission CoMP-NOMA(JT-CoMP-NOMA) model. For the JT-CoMP-NOMA model, an optimal joint powerallocation problem is formulated and the solution is derived for each CoMP-setconsisting of multiple cooperating BSs (i.e., CoMP BSs). To overcome thesubstantial computational complexity of the joint power optimization approach,we propose a distributed power optimization problem at each cooperating BSwhose optimal solution is independent of the solution of other coordinatingBSs. The validity of the distributed solution for the joint power optimizationproblem is provided and numerical performance evaluation is carried out for theproposed CoMP-NOMA models including JT-CoMP-NOMA and coordinated schedulingCoMP-NOMA (CS-CoMP-NOMA). The obtained results reveal significant gains inspectral and energy efficiency in comparison with conventional CoMP-orthogonalmultiple access (CoMP-OMA) systems.

Downlink Power Allocation for CoMP-NOMA in Multi-Cell Networks