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Logic Encryption is one of the most popular hardware security techniqueswhich can prevent IP piracy and illegal IC overproduction. It introducesobfuscation by inserting some extra hardware into a design to hide itsfunctionality from unauthorized users. Correct functionality of an encrypteddesign depends upon the application of correct keys, shared only with theauthorized users. In the recent past, extensive efforts have been devoted inextracting the secret key of an encrypted design. At the same time, severalcountermeasures have also been proposed by the research community to thwartdifferent state-of-the-art attacks on logic encryption. However, most of theproposed countermeasures fail to prevent the powerful SAT attack. Although afew researchers have proposed different solutions to withstand SAT attack,those solutions suffer from several drawbacks such as high design overheads,low output corruptibility, and vulnerability against removal attack. Almost allthe known logic encryption strategies are vulnerable to scan based attack. Inthis paper, we propose a novel encryption technique called Encrypt Flip-Flop,which encrypts the outputs of selected flip-flops by inserting multiplexers(MUX). The proposed strategy can thwart all the known attacks including SAT andscan based attacks. The scheme has low design overhead and implementationcomplexity. Experimental results on several ISCAS'89 and ITC'99 benchmarks showthat our proposed method can produce reasonable output corruption for wrongkeys.

Encrypt Flip-Flop: A Novel Logic Encryption Technique For Sequential Circuits