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The drying process is a crucial step in electrode manufacture as it canaffect the component distribution within the electrode. Phenomena such asbinder migration can have negative effects in the form of poor cell performance(e.g. capacity fade) or mechanical failure (e.g. electrode delamination fromthe current collector). We present a mathematical model that tracks theevolution of the binder concentration in the electrode during drying. Solutionsto the model predict that low drying rates lead to a favourable homogeneousbinder profile across the electrode film, whereas high drying rates result inan unfavourable accumulation of binder near the evaporation surface. Theseresults show strong qualitative agreement with experimental observations andprovide a cogent explanation for why fast drying conditions result in poorlyperforming electrodes. Finally, we provide some guidelines on how the dryingprocess could be optimised to offer relatively short drying times whilstsimultaneously maintaining a roughly homogeneous binder distribution.

Binder migration during drying of lithium-ion battery electrodes: modelling and comparison to experiment