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An action potential is typically described as a purely electrical change thatpropagates along the membrane of excitable cells. However, recent experimentshave demonstrated that non-linear acoustic pulses that propagate along lipidinterfaces and traverse the melting transition, share many similar propertieswith action potentials. Despite the striking experimental similarities, acomprehensive theoretical study of acoustic pulses in lipid systems is stilllacking. Here we demonstrate that an idealized description of an interface nearphase transition captures many properties of acoustic pulses in lipidmonolayers, as well as action potentials in living cells. The possibility thataction potentials may better be described as acoustic pulses in soft interfacesnear phase transition is illustrated by the following similar properties:correspondence of time and velocity scales, qualitative pulse shape, sigmoidalresponse to stimulation amplitude (an `all-or-none' behavior), appearance inmultiple observables (particularly, an adiabatic change of temperature),excitation by many types of stimulations, as well as annihilation uponcollision. An implication of this work is that crucial functional informationof the cell may be overlooked by focusing only on electrical measurements.

Similarities between action potentials and acoustic pulses in a van der Waals fluid