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Far-field polarization vortices were recently found on singlet bands in themomentum-space of two-dimensional photonic lattices, also known as the darkstates and bound states in continuum. Here, we theoretically proposed andexperimentally verified the existence of the polarization vortices at thedegenerate points of photonic dispersions, whose vortex cores can be radiativebright states. Half-charged vortices were generated from the Dirac points of{\pi} Berry phase and integer-charged vortices were generated from a quadraticdegeneracy. Using a home-made polarization-resolved momentum-space imagingspectroscopy, we observed the complete evolution of the splitting from onequadratic point to a pair of Dirac cones by tracking the winding of thepolarization vectors and the full spectrum of iso-frequency contours.

Observing half and integer polarization vortices at band degeneracies