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In this work, we examine effects of large permanent charges on ionic flowthrough ion channels based on a quasi-one dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planckmodel. It turns out large positive permanent charges inhibit the flux of cationas expected, but strikingly, as the transmembrane electrochemical potential foranion increases in a particular way, the flux of anion decreases. The latterphenomenon was observed experimentally but the cause seemed to be unclear. Themechanisms for these phenomena are examined with the help of the profiles ofthe ionic concentrations, electric fields and electrochemical potentials. Theunderlying reasons for the near zero flux of cation and for the decreasing fluxof anion are shown to be different over different regions of the permanentcharge. Our model is oversimplified. More structural detail and morecorrelations between ions can and should be included. But the basic findingseems striking and important and deserving of further investigation.

An effect of large permanent charge: Decreasing flux to zero with increasing transmembrane potential to infinity