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An increasing number of experimental data indicates the breaking of axialsymmetry in many heavy nuclei already in the valley of stability: MultipleCoulomb excitation analysed in a rotation invariant way, gamma transition ratesand energies in odd nuclei, mass predictions, the splitting of Giant Resonances(GR), the collective enhancement of nuclear level densities and Maxwellianaveraged neutron capture cross sections. For the interpretation of theseexperimental observations the axial symmetry breaking shows up in nearly allheavy nuclei as predicted by Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) calculations [1] ;this indicates a nuclear Jahn-Teller effect. We show that nearly no parametersremain free to be adjusted by separate fitting to level density or giantresonance data, if advance information on nuclear deformations, radii etc. aretaken from such calculations with the force parameters already fixed. The dataanalysis and interpretation have to include the quantum mechanical requirementof zero point oscillations and the distinction between static vs. dynamicsymmetry breaking has to be regarded.

Experimental signals for broken axial symmetry in excited heavy nuclei from the valley of stability