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We analyze out-of-band (OOB) emissions in the massive multi-user (MU)multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink. We focus on systems in whichthe base station (BS) is equipped with low-resolution digital-to-analogconverters (DACs) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is usedto communicate to the user equipments (UEs) over frequency-selective channels.We demonstrate that analog filtering in combination with simplefrequency-domain digital predistortion (DPD) at the BS enables a significantreduction of OOB emissions, but degrades thesignal-to-interference-noise-and-distortion ratio (SINDR) at the UEs andincreases the peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) at the BS. We use Bussgang'stheorem to characterize the tradeoffs between OOB emissions, SINDR, and PAR,and to study the impact of analog filters and DPD on the error-rate performanceof the massive MU-MIMO-OFDM downlink. Our results show that by carefully tuningthe parameters of the analog filters, one can achieve a significant reductionin OOB emissions with only a moderate degradation of error-rate performance andPAR.

On Out-of-Band Emissions of Quantized Precoding in Massive MU-MIMO-OFDM