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A forward-looking facility such as the next generation Very Large Array(ngVLA) requires forward-looking science. The ngVLA will enable stellar winddetections or robust constraints on upper limits sufficient to bridge the gapbetween current radio upper limits on cool stellar mass loss and currentindirect estimates of stellar mass loss from astrospheric measurements. Thiswill aid in understanding the interplay between the rotational spindown ofstars and wind mass loss rates, important for an understanding not just ofstellar astrophysics but the impact on planet formation and planetary dynamos.Radio observations are currently the only way to explore accelerated particlesin cool stellar environments. The upgraded sensitivity of the ngVLA will enablethe detection and characterization of essentially all classes of radio-activecool stars in the galaxy. This will open up new fields of study and contributeto the understanding of the stellar contribution to exo-space weather,especially with the emphasis on sensitivity above a frequency of about 10 GHz,where the transition to optically thin gyrosynchrotron emission occurs. Thesetopics connect and extend the key science topics in the cradle of life, in anarea which there is both high academic as well as popular interest, and whichis expected to continue into the next several decades.

Quantifying the ngVLA's Contribution to Exo-Space Weather: Results of a Community Studies Report Next Generation VLA Memo #31