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There are increasing evidences that ferroelectric states at the nanoscale canexhibit fascinating topological structures including polar vortices andskyrmions,akin to those observed in the ferromagnetic systems. Here we reportthe discovery of a new type of polar topological structure,ordered array ofnanoscale spirals in the tricolor ferroelectric superlattice system via phasefield simulations. This polar spiral structure is composed of fine orderedsemivortex arrays with vortex cores forming a wavy distribution. It isdemonstrated that this tricolor system has an ultrahigh Curie temperature of1000 K and a temperature of 650 K for the phase transformation from spiralstructure to inplane orthorhombic domain structure, showing a greatly enhancedthermal stability than the recently discovered polar vortex lattices in thesuperlattice system. Moreover, the spiral structure has a net inplanepolarization that could be switched by an experimentally feasible irrotationalinplane field. The switching process involves a metastable vortex state, and isfully reversible.

Switchable polar spirals in tricolor oxide superlattices